「Cost」の版間の差分

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===Glossary of "Cladistics (2nd ed.)" by [[Kitching_Forey_Humphries_Williams_1998|Kitching et al. (1998)]]===
 
===Glossary of "Cladistics (2nd ed.)" by [[Kitching_Forey_Humphries_Williams_1998|Kitching et al. (1998)]]===
 
*The number of steps required to account for the transformation of one [[character_state|character state]] into another on a [[cladogram]].
 
*The number of steps required to account for the transformation of one [[character_state|character state]] into another on a [[cladogram]].
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=== Glossary of "Evolution (4th ed.)" by [[Futuyma_Kirkpatrick_2017|Futuyma & Kirkpatrick (2017)]] ===
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*A reduction in fitness caused by a correlated effect of a feature that provides an increment in fitness (i.e., a benefit).
  
 
== 文献(引用) ==
 
== 文献(引用) ==
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*[[Futuyma_Kirkpatrick_2017|Futuyma, D. J. & Kirkpatrick, M.  2017.  Evolution, 4th ed.  -xviii + 602 pp.  Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland.]]
 
*[[Kitching_Forey_Humphries_Williams_1998|Kitching, I. J., Forey, P. L. Humphries, C. J. & Williams, D. M.  1998.  Cladistics, 2nd ed.: the Theory and Practice of Parsimony Analysis.  -xii + 228 pp.  Oxford University Press, New York.]]
 
*[[Kitching_Forey_Humphries_Williams_1998|Kitching, I. J., Forey, P. L. Humphries, C. J. & Williams, D. M.  1998.  Cladistics, 2nd ed.: the Theory and Practice of Parsimony Analysis.  -xii + 228 pp.  Oxford University Press, New York.]]
 
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2018年4月19日 (木) 19:57時点における最新版