Ecosystem
提供: 広島大学デジタル博物館
ナビゲーションに移動検索に移動ecosystem(s)
- 生態系，エコシステム（日本語）
- (Español)
Definition
Glossary of "Ecology (6th ed.)" by Krebs (2009)
- biotic community and its abiotic environment; the whole Earth can be considered as one large ecosystem.
Glossary of "Plant Biology (1st ed.)" by Graham et al. (2003)
- The community of organisms in a defined area plus its physical environment.
Glossary of "Life (9th ed.)" by Sadava et al. (2011)
- The organisms of a particular habitat, such as pond or forest, together with the physical environment in which they live.
Glossary of "Environmental Science: Earth as a Living Planet (2nd ed.)" by Botkin & Keller (1998)
- An ecological community and its local, nonbiological community. An ecosystem is the minimum system that includes and sustains life. It must include at least an autotroph, a decomposer, a liquid medium, a source and sink of energy, and all the chemical elements required by the autotroph and the decomposer.
文献（引用）
- Botkin, D. B. & Keller, E. A. 1998. Environmental Science: Earth as a Living Planet, 2nd ed. -xxxxii + 649 pp. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.
- Graham, L. E., Graham, J. M. & Wilcox, L. W. 2003. Plant Biology. -xxxv + 497 pp. Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River.
- Krebs, C. J. 2009. Ecology, 6th ed. -xvi + 655 pp. Pearson Benjamin Cummings, San Francisco.
- Sadava, D., Hillis, D. M., Heller, H. C. & Berenbaum, M. R. 2011. Life: The Science of Biology, 9th ed. -xliv + 1266 pp. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland.
